AIM

APPROACH

POSSIBLE WAY

Choice of bacterium

Immunostimulation

Wild type strains

The natural immune response

Genetically modified strains

Additional immunogenic components

A therapeutic or diagnostic tool

Production of prodrugs and/or diagnostic molecules inside the tumor

Secretion of therapeutic molecules (enzymes, toxins, etc.)

Production of therapeutic molecules followed by bacterial cell lysis

Delivery of (pro)drugs

Transfer of genetic material (miRNA)

Transfer of cytotoxic molecules and mediators (photosensitizers, activators, etc.)

Delivery to the tumor tissue

Getting the tumor

Targeting

Passive migration with blood flow

Natural tropism, moving of anaerobes towards hypoxic tumor area, chemotaxis

Increased tropism, introduction of adhesive components

Moving towards the tumor

Controlling

External control (magnetic, thermal fields etc.)

Penetration into the cancer cell

"Module of the invasion"

Release of therapeutic cargo

Release of cytoplasmic contents

Externally controlled lysis

Lysis controlled by bacterial population density

Containers loaded with therapeutics

Activation or degradation inside the tumor area

Biosafety

For the patient

Утилизация бактерии после выполнения миссии

Sensitivity to antibiotics

Auxotrophy

Induced suicidal genes

For the environment

Модифицированные или искусственные штаммы, неспособные размножаться;

ослабленные штаммы, неспособные выжить в окружающей среде

Genetically modified strains

Strains with minimal or reduced genome